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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2020-1-63-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1834</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Азотирование сталей различных структурных классов, полученных методами лазерных аддитивных технологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nitriding of steels of various structural classes manufactured by laser additive technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvetkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент кафедры материаловедения</p><p>105005, Россия, Москва, 2-я Бауманская ул., 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Professor of the Chair “Materials Science”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsvetkovaev@bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базалеева</surname><given-names>К. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazaleeva</surname><given-names>K. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., ведущий инженер-технолог центра аддитивных и порубежных технологий</p><p>117198, Россия, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 10/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Leading Engineer-Technologist of Additive and Edge Technologies Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bazaleevak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр кафедры материаловедения</p><p>105005, Россия, Москва, 2-я Бауманская ул., 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master of the Chair “Materials Science”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya.chekin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климова-Корсмик</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimova-Korsmik</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., руководитель отдела исследования материалов, доцент Высшей школы физики и технологии материалов</p><p>194064, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, Тихорецкий пр., 21</p><p>195251, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of Material Research Department, Assist. Professor of Higher School of Physics and Materials Technology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.klimova@ltc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жидков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhidkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий инженер-технолог</p><p>105005, Россия, Москва, набережная Академика Туполева, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Engineer-Technologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex001k@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Bauman MSTU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт лазерных и сварочных технологий СПбГМТУ; Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Laser and Welding Technologies (ILWT) of SMTU; Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПАО «Туполев»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Laser and Welding Technologies (ILWT) of SMTU</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цветкова Е.В., Базалеева К.О., Чекин И.С., Климова-Корсмик О.Г., Жидков А.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цветкова Е.В., Базалеева К.О., Чекин И.С., Климова-Корсмик О.Г., Жидков А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsvetkova E.V., Bazaleeva K.O., Chekin I.S., Klimova-Korsmik O.G., Zhidkov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1834">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1834</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен сравнительный анализ диффузионных слоев сталей различного структурного класса, полученных комплексной технологией, включающей в себя лазерную перекристаллизацию порошкового материала и азотирование в тлеющем разряде. Исследованы параметры диффузионных слоев бейнитной 09ХН2МД и мартенситной 25Х13Н2 сталей, синтезированных методом прямого лазерного выращивания, а также аустенитной стали 03Х17Н14М3, полученной селективным лазерным плавлением. В процессе азотирования в тлеющем разряде при температуре 540 °С в течение 24 ч в сталях мартенситного и аустенитного классов сформировался диффузионный слой толщиной 140 – 160 мкм, причем в поверхностном слое толщиной примерно 100 мкм значение микротвердости максимально – 800 и 1050 HV0,1 соответственно и практически не изменяется. В бейнитной стали 09ХН2МД диффузионный слой составил 900 мкм, но его микротвердость монотонно убывает с поверхности материала. Методом рентгеновского фазового анализа выявлены упрочняющие фазы в азотированных слоях: в бейнитной стали это γ′-нитрид (Fe4N), в мартенситной и аустенитной сталях это γ′- и CrN нитриды, причем в аустеинтной стали на поверхности формируется сплошной нитридный слой. Исследовано влияние на параметры диффузионных слоев дополнительной термической обработки, проводимой после лазерной перекристаллизации порошкового материала. Установлено, что, не- смотря на уменьшение концентрации дефектов кристаллического строения в структуре после термической обработки, толщина азотированного слоя изменяется слабо. Исследовано влияние пористости объектов аустенитной стали на толщину азотированного слоя. Показано, что варьирование пористости в интервале от 0,5 до 2 % не приводит к изменению толщины диффузионного слоя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors have conducted a comparative analysis of diffusion layers of steels of various structural classes manufactured by complex technology including laser remelting of powder material and plasma nitriding. Parameters of diffusion layers of bainitic steel (Fe – 0.09 % C – 1 % Cr – 2 % Ni – 1 % Mo – 1 % Cu) and martensitic steel (Fe – 0.25 % C – 13 % Cr – 2 % Ni) manufactured by direct laser deposition (DLD) and austenitic steel (Fe – 0.03 % C – 17 % Cr – – 14 % Ni – 3 % Mo) manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) were investigated. During plasma nitriding at 540 °C for 24 h of martensitic and austenitic steels, diffusion layer of 140 – 160 μm was formed, additionally maximum microhardness of surface layer was 800 HV0.1 and 1050 HV0.1 and it is almost constant on thickness of 100 μm. Diffusing layer of bainitic steel is 900 μm and its microhardness monotonously decreases from the surface. Reinforcing phases of nitrided layer were determined by X-ray analysis: γ′ (Fe4N) is fixed in the bainitic steel, γ′ and CrN are fixed in martensitic and austenitic steels. Moreover on the surface of austenitic steel solid nitrided layer is formed. The influence of heat treatment after laser remelting of powder material was also studied. It was determined, that despite decreasing of crystal structure defects after heat treatment, the thickness of nitrided layer changes slightly. Also the authors have investigated the influence of porosity of austenitic steel on the thickness of nitrided layer. It was shown, that porosity of 0.5 – 2.0 % doesn’t result in changing of diffusion layer’s thickness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>азотирование сталей</kwd><kwd>прямое лазерное выращивание</kwd><kwd>селективное лазерное плавление</kwd><kwd>диффузионный слой</kwd><kwd>термическая обработка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nitriding of steels</kwd><kwd>selective laser melting</kwd><kwd>direct metal deposition</kwd><kwd>diffusion layer</kwd><kwd>thermal treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsvetkova E., Bazaleeva K., Smirnov A., Chekin I. Nitriding of martensitic steel after laser melting deposition // IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series. 2018. Vol. 1109. Article 012054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsvetkova E., Bazaleeva K., Smirnov A., Chekin I. 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