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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2019-7-564-570</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1683</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение особенностей ультразвуковых резонансных колебаний для оценки размеров фазовых включений в образцах сплавов на основе хром–железо</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of ultrasonic resonance oscillations to estimate the size of phase inclusions in samples of chrome – iron alloys</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берестов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berestov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент, и.о. декана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Professor, Acting Dean</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. ф.-м. н., профессор кафедры конструирования приборов и установок</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Professor of the Chair of Device and Installation Design</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартыненко</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynenko</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник кафедры конструирования приборов и установок</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Associate of the Chair of Device and Installation Design</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родько</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rod’ko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры конструирования приборов и установок</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Chair of Device and Installation Design</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iirodko@mephi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>564</fpage><lpage>570</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Берестов А.В., Кудрявцев Е.М., Мартыненко С.П., Родько И.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Берестов А.В., Кудрявцев Е.М., Мартыненко С.П., Родько И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berestov A.V., Kudryavtsev E.M., Martynenko S.P., Rod’ko I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1683">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1683</self-uri><abstract><p>При реализации стратегической программы исследований, осуществляемой Технологической платформой «Замкнутый ядернотопливный цикл с реакторами на быстрых нейтронах», выполняются работы по оснащению горячих камер оригинальным нестандартным оборудованием для первичных послереакторных неразрушающих исследований свойств критически важных материалов реакторов на быстрых нейтронах. К ним относятся сплавы на основе хром–железо, рассматриваемые как перспективные для оболочек твэлов реакторов на быстрых нейтронах. В ходе исследования ультразвуковым спектроскопическим методом внутреннего трения цилиндрических образцов сплавов на основе хром – железо в узком температурном интервале вблизи 550  К при их охлаждении со скоростью около 0,2  К/с обнаружен аномальный с точки зрения классической теории колебаний эффект. Его особенность заключается в возникновении связанных колебаний в образцах с неравномерным распределением температуры по радиусу, если интервал изменения температуры содержит точку магнитного фазового перехода материала. Такой образец можно рассматривать как сложную колебательную систему, состоящую из периферийной (более холодной) и центральной областей, находящихся в разных магнитных состояниях, с пульсирующей границей раздела, на которой действуют механические напряжения. Установлено, что указанный аномальный режим колебаний связан с влиянием динамических колебательных напряжений на образование и магнитные фазовые превращения в карбонитридных включениях, возникающих в ходе термообработки сплавов. Предложено теоретическое описание этого эффекта. Показано, что регистрируя параметры связанных колебаний, можно оценить размеры образующихся фазовых включений. Отмечается, что обнаруженные особенности и установленные закономерности резонансных колебаний в совокупности с традиционным методом внутреннего трения можно использовать для обнаружения метастабильных фазовых включений, возникающих на промежуточных стадиях формирования структуры материала, и оценить их размеры. Последнее несомненно окажется полезным при первичных неразрушающих испытаниях в горячих камерах сильно облученных образцов этих сплавов при оптимизации состава сплавов для оболочек ТВЭЛов реакторов на быстрых нейтронах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the implementation of strategic research program of the Technology Platform “Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle with Fast Reactors”, hot cells are fitted with original non-standard equipment for primary post-reactor non-destructive studies of critical fast reactor materials. These materials include chrome-iron alloys, considered as promising for fuel rod cladding of fast neutron reactors. During the investigation via the ultrasonic spectroscopic method of internal friction of cylindrical samples from chrome-iron alloys in a narrow temperature range near 550 K at their cooling with rate of about 0.2 K/s, we have revealed an anomalous effect from the point of view of oscillations classical theory. Its peculiarity consists in the occurrence of coupled oscillations in samples with a nonuniform temperature distribution along the radius, in case the interval of temperature variation contains the point of the magnetic phase transition of the material. Such a sample can be considered as a complex oscillatory system consisting of peripheral (cooler) and central areas in different magnetic states, with a pulsating interface, on which mechanical stresses act. It was estimated that this anomalous mode of oscillations is associated with the influence of dynamic vibrational stresses on formation and magnetic phase transformations in carbonitride inclusions occurring during heat treatment of alloys. A theoretical description of this effect is proposed. It is shown that by registering the parameters of coupled oscillations, it is possible to estimate the sizes of the resulting phase inclusions. The discovered features and established regularities of resonance oscillations in combination with the traditional method of internal friction can be used to detect metastable phase inclusions occurring at intermediate stages of the material structure, and to estimate their sizes. It will undoubtedly be useful in the case of primary non-destructive tests in hot cells of heavily irradiated samples of these alloys when optimizing their composition for fuel rod claddings of fast neutron reactors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковые резонансные колебания</kwd><kwd>связанные колебания</kwd><kwd>сплавы на основе хром – железо</kwd><kwd>внутреннее трение</kwd><kwd>фазовые включения</kwd><kwd>фазовые превращения</kwd><kwd>динамические колебательные напряжения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasonic resonance oscillation</kwd><kwd>coupled oscillations</kwd><kwd>chromeiron alloys</kwd><kwd>internal friction</kwd><kwd>phase impurities</kwd><kwd>phase transformation</kwd><kwd>dynamic oscillatory stresses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ. Соглашение № 14.578.21.0258, уникальный идентификатор проекта RFMEFI57817X0258.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was ﬁnancially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. Agreement No. 14.578.21.0258, a unique project identiﬁer RFMEFI57817X0258.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карзов Г.П., Кудрявцев А.С., Марков В.Г. и др. Разработка конструкционных материалов для атомных энергетических установок на быстрых нейтронах с натриевым теплоносителем // Вопросы материаловедения. 2015. № 2. С. 17 – 23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karzov G.P., Kudryavtsev A.S., Markov V.G., Grishmanovskaya R.N., Trapeznikov Yu.M., Anan’eva M.A. Development of structural materials for nuclear power plants on fast neutrons with a sodium coolant. 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