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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2018-11-876-883</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1502</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование комплексного влияния параметров выплавки рельсовой электростали на качество рельсовой продукции и технико-экономические показатели ее производства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Integrated influence of melting parameters of rail steel on rail products quality and technical and economic indicators of the production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уманский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umanskii</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры металлургии черных металлов, директор Центра коллективного пользования «Материаловедение».</p><p>654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand Sci. Eng., Assist. Professor of the Chair of Ferrous Metallurgy, Director of the Center for Collective Use “Materials Science”.</p><p>Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">umanskii@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Думова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dumova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магистрант кафедры металлургии черных металлов.</p><p>654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MA Student of the Chair of Ferrous Metallurgy.</p><p>Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doumova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>876</fpage><lpage>883</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Уманский А.А., Думова Л.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уманский А.А., Думова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Umanskii A.A., Dumova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1502">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1502</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведенный анализ литературных и производственных данных показал, что, несмотря на существенное повышение качества отечественной рельсовой продукции, достигнутое в последнее десятилетие за счет коренного технического перевооружения рельсовых производств, имеет место проблема повышенной отбраковки рельсов по дефектам поверхности. На основании исследований влияния химического состава рельсовой электростали на качество готовых рельсов производства АО «ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК» установлено значимое влияние повышения содержания меди в интервале 0,07 - 0,15 % и серы в диапазоне 0,006 - 0,011 % в стали Э76ХФ на увеличение отбраковки рельсов по поверхностным дефектам. Раскрыт механизм влияния концентрации указанных элементов в рельсовой стали на качество готовых рельсов. Показано определяющее влияние соотношения чугуна и лома в металлошихте на содержание меди и серы в рельсовой стали - повышение доли чугуна в металлошихте в пределах от 20 до 50 % способствует снижению концентрации меди и повышению содержания серы. С целью обоснования оптимального состава металлошихты для выплавки рельсовой электростали с учетом взаимосвязи качества рельсовой продукции и технико-экономических показателей ее производства проведено исследование влияния соотношения чугуна (в жидком и твердом состояниях) и лома в металлозавалке на основные показатели работы электропечей. В результате установлено, что при увеличении доли как жидкого, так и твердого чугуна в металлозавалке происходит линейное снижение удельного расхода электроэнергии, повышение удельного расхода кислорода по параболическому закону и линейное снижение содержания марганца на выпуске из печи. Полученные зависимости длительности плавки от соотношения компонентов шихты в металлозавалке свидетельствует о наличии выраженного минимума, находящегося при использовании жидкого чугуна в интервале 35 - 40 %, а при использовании твердого чугуна -в интервале 30 - 35 %. На основании полученных уравнений регрессии построена статистическая модель влияния состава металлошихты на технико-экономические показатели работы электросталеплавильного цеха при выплавке рельсовой стали, в которой в качестве параметров оптимизации выступают суммарные затраты по статьям себестоимости, зависящим от состава металлошихты, и производительность цеха по годным непрерывнолитым заготовкам. Применение полученной модели позволяет выработать обоснованные рекомендации по оптимальной доле чугуна в металлозавалке для текущего уровня цен на используемые при электроплавке материалы и энергоносители с учетом изменения производительности цеха.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Analysis of literature and production data has shown that despite the significant improvement in quality of domestic rail products, achieved in the last decade due to fundamental technical re-equipment of rail production, there is a problem of increased rejection of rails for surface defects. Based on studies of influence of rail steel chemical composition on quality of rails produced by «EVRAZ ZSMK», there was established a significant effect of increasing copper content in the range of 0.07 - 0.15 % and of sulfur - in the range of 0.006 - 0.011 % in E76KhF steel to increase rejection caused by rail surface defects. Mechanism of the influence of these elements concentration in rail steel on finished rails quality was revealed. Decisive influence of ratio of pig iron and scrap in metal charge on copper and sulfur content in rail steel was evidenced - higher rate of cast iron in metal charge within 20 - 50 % contributes to decrease of copper concentration and increase of sulfur content. To justify optimal composition of the charge for rail steel melting in regard to rail products quality and technical and economic indicators of production, study of the effect of cast iron (liquid and solid) to scrap ratio in metal charge on basic parameters of furnaces’ operation was conducted. As a result, it was found that with an increase in share of both liquid and solid iron in metal charge, there are linear decrease in specific electricity consumption, increase in specific oxygen consumption according to parabolic law and a linear decrease in manganese content in furnace output. The obtained dependences of melting duration on ratio of charge components in metal charge indicates presence of prominent minimum, when using liquid iron in the range of 35 - 40 %, and when using solid iron - in the range of 30 - 35 %. Based on the regression equations, statistical model was constructed for the influence of metal charge composition on technical and economic performance of the melt charge in rail steel smelting, in which optimization parameters are: total cost, depending on the metal stock composition and performance of the shop for suitable billets produced by continuous casting. Application of the obtained model allows to develop reasonable recommendations on the optimal proportion of iron in the metal for current level of prices for materials and energy used in electric smelting, taking into account changes in the shop productivity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рельсовая электросталь</kwd><kwd>железнодорожные рельсы</kwd><kwd>поверхностные дефекты</kwd><kwd>металлошихта</kwd><kwd>примеси цветных металлов</kwd><kwd>сульфиды</kwd><kwd>технико-экономические показатели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rail steel</kwd><kwd>railway rails</kwd><kwd>surface defects</kwd><kwd>metal charge</kwd><kwd>impurities of non-ferrous metals</kwd><kwd>sulfides</kwd><kwd>technical and economic indicators</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Минобрнауки РФ, Государственное задание  № 11.6365.2017/8.9; ЦКП «Материаловедение» СибГИУ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation,  No. 11.6365.2017 / 8.9; CCP “Materials Science” of SibSIU</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Golovatenko A.V., Umansky A.A., Dorofeev V.V. 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