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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2018-3-230-236</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1274</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МИКРОЛИКВАЦИЯ КРЕМНИЯ В ЧУГУНАХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MICROSEGREGATION OF SILICON IN CAST IRON</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баженов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhenov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент</p><p>кафедра «Литейные технологии и художественная обработка материалов» </p><p>119049, Россия, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Professor of the Chair “Foundry technology and art processing of materials”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.e.bagenov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пикунов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pikunov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор</p><p>кафедра «Литейные технологии и художественная обработка материалов»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Chair “Foundry technology and art processing of materials”</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” (MISIS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>230</fpage><lpage>236</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баженов В.Е., Пикунов М.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баженов В.Е., Пикунов М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bazhenov V.E., Pikunov M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1274">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1274</self-uri><abstract><p>В литературе представлены противоречивые данные о ликвации кремния в чугунах. Авторы ранее опубликованных работ изучали микроликвацию кремния в дендритной ячейке, состоящей из первичного аустенита и нарастающего на поверхности первичного аустенита эвтектического аустенита. Поскольку содержание кремния в аустените влияет на температуру и полноту протекания фазовых превращений в процессе охлаждения и термообработки, отсутствие данных о ликвации кремния не позволяет правильно предсказывать возможную микроструктуру чугуна в литом состоянии и после термообработки. Методами микрорентгеноспектрального анализа и расчетами неравновесной кристаллизации в программе Thermo-Calc изучена микроликвация кремния в сером чугуне состава Fe  +  3,11  %  С  + +  1,6  %  Si  +  0,4  %  Mn. Экспериментально обнаружить микроликвацию кремния в первичном аустените чугуна не удалось. Содержание кремния в первичном аустените изучаемого чугуна составило ≈  2  % и оказалось выше, чем в эвтектическом аустените ≈  1,5  %. По результатам расчетов неравновесной кристаллизации в указанных чугунах ликвация кремния в первичном аустените незначительна. Путем рас- четов неравновесной кристаллизации тройных сплавов железо – кремний – углерод [Fe  +  1,5  %  Si  +  X  %  C], где X = 1,5; 2,8; 3,7 показано, что при 1,5  %  С кристаллизуется только первичный аустенит и микроликвация будет прямой (содержание кремния в центре дендритных ячеек меньше, чем на их периферии). В сплаве, содержащем 2,8  %  С, микроликвация кремния в первичном аустените также будет прямой, но при кристаллизации аустенитно-графитной эвтектики на кристаллах первичного аустенита будет нарастать эвтектический аустенит, в  котором содержание кремния будет снижаться, т. е. наблюдаться так называемая двойная ликвация с образованием ободка (максимальное содержание кремния – на границе между первичным и эвтектическим аустенитом). При содержании углерода 3,7  % доля первичных кристаллов аустенита в сплаве будет незначительной, поэтому большая часть дендритной ячейки будет состоять из эвтектического аустенита, содержание кремния в котором по ходу кристаллизации будет снижаться. В этом случае должна наблюдаться так называемая обратная микроликвация кремния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The literature presents contradictory data on the microsegregation of silicon in cast iron. Authors of the previous works have investigated silicon microsegregation in dendritic cell consisting both of primary austenite and eutectic austenite that grows on the primary austenite dendrites. Since the silicon content in austenite affects the temperature and completeness of the phase transitions during cooling and heat treatment, the absence of data on silicon microsegregation do not allow to predict the microstructure of cast iron in the as-cast condition and after heat treatment. The silicon microsegregation in gray cast iron with composition Fe  +  3.11  %  С  +  1.6  %  Si  +  0.4  %  M n by the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and calculation of the nonequilibrium solidification in the Thermo-Calc software were investigated. The silicon microsegregation in the primary austenite is not observed. The silicon content in the primary austenite was ≈2  % that is higher than silicon content in the eutectic austenite ≈1.5  %. Due to the calculations results the microsegregation of silicon in primary austenite are negligible. By calculation the non-equilibrium solidification of ternary alloys Fe – Si – C [Fe  +  1.5  %  Si  +  X  %  C], at X  =  1.5; 2.8; 3.7 it was shown that the only primary austenite solidified at 1.5  %  С and microsegregation of silicon are positive (Si content in the center of the dendritic cells is lower than on its boundaries). For the alloy with 2.8  %  С, the microsegregation of Si in the primary austenite is also positive, however the silicon content in the eutectic austenite, growing on the primary austenite during the austenite-graphite eutectic formation, will be lower and the “rim effect” (maximum Si content at the boundary between primary and eutectic austenite) should appears. At the 3.7  % of C in alloys the primary dendrites amount should be limited, so the major part of the dendritic cell should consist of the eutectic austenite, the Si content in which should be decreasing during the solidification. In this case the so-called negative microsegregation should occur.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроликвация кремния</kwd><kwd>серый чугун</kwd><kwd>белый чугун</kwd><kwd>неравновесная кристаллизация</kwd><kwd>Thermo-Calc</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>silicon microsegregation</kwd><kwd>gray cast iron</kwd><kwd>white cast iron</kwd><kwd>nonequilibrium solidification</kwd><kwd>Thermo-Calc</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малиночка Я.Н. Фазовые состояния и внутрикристаллическая ликвация в Fe-C-Si сплавах // Литейное производство. 1957. № 10. С. 19 – 22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinochka Ya.N. Phase conditions and microsegregation in Fe-CSi alloys. Liteinoe proizvodstvo. 1957, no. 10, pp. 19–22. 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