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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2017-10-831-838</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ ЛЮДЕРСА В МАЛОУГЛЕРОДИСТОЙ СТАЛИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INVESTIGATION OF LÜDERS DEFORMATION IN THE MILD STEEL</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, профессор кафедры сварочного производства,</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4;</p><p>652057, Кемеровская обл., Юрга, ул. Ленинградская, 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Chief Researcher, Professor of the Chair of Welding production,</p><p>Tomsk;</p><p>Yurga, Kemerovo Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvi@spms.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбатенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbatenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Senior Researcher,</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gvv@spms.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией физики прочности, профессор кафедры проектирования и прочности,</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4;</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Physics of Strength and Plasticity, Professor of the Chair “Theory of Strength and Designing”,</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lbz@ispms.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., младший научный сотрудник, доцент кафедры общей физики,</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4;</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Junior Researcher, Assist. Professor of the Chair of General Physics,</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvo@ispms.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, магистрант,</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4;</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Recearcher, MA Student,</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lidaakvo@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН;&#13;
Юргинский технологический институт – филиал Томского политехнического университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science SB RAS;&#13;
Yurga Technological Institute of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science SB RAS;&#13;
National Research Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science SB RAS;&#13;
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>831</fpage><lpage>838</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данилов В.И., Горбатенко В.В., Зуев Л.Б., Орлова Д.В., Данилова Л.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилов В.И., Горбатенко В.В., Зуев Л.Б., Орлова Д.В., Данилова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilov V.I., Gorbatenko V.V., Zuev L.B., Orlova D.V., Danilova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1161">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1161</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследованыособенности развития макроскопической неоднородности деформации в виде полос Чернова–Людерса на упругопластическом переходе в малоуглеродистой стали. Установлены основные закономерности зарождения и развития полос. Особое внимание уделено кинетике подвижных границ (фронтов) полос, определены характерные скорости. Показано, что темп формирования зародыша полосы Чернова–Людерса более чем на порядок выше темпа ее расширения. Рассмотрены ситуации, при которых в объекте одновременно развивается более одной полосы и поэтому наблюдается несколько движущихся фронтов. Установлено, что во всех случаях скорости движения фронтов полос Чернова–Людерса взаимно согласованы так, что в любой момент времени обобщенная скорость расширения продеформированной зоны является постоянной величиной. Проанализировано влияние скорости деформирования на кинетику фронтов полос Чернова–Людерса. Как обобщенная скорость расширения деформированной зоны, так и скорости индивидуальных фронтов возрастают с ростом скорости нагружения. Установлен нелинейный (степенной) характер этой зависимости. Фронты полос Чернова–Людерса имеют сложную структуру. Разные участки фронта могут двигаться с неодинаковыми скоростями, так что линия фронта локально искривляется и расщепляется. Перед фронтом в недеформированной части образца возможно зарождение предвестников, конфигурация которых напоминает зародыш полосы Чернова–Людерса. При встрече фронты смежных полос аннигилируют. Аннигиляция фронтов является комплексным процессом, который также характеризуется формированием предвестников и вторичных диффузных полос Чернова–Людерса. Эти факты демонстрируют, что упрощенное представление о полосе Чернова-Людерса как о деформированной области в нагружаемом образце, а о фронте полосы как о границе между деформированной и недеформированной зонами должно быть пересмотрено. Микроскопическая теория деформации Людерса основана на лавинном росте плотности подвижных дислокаций вследствие отрыва от центров закрепления и последующего размножения, который реализуется одномоментно на верхнем пределе текучести в пределах кристаллита (зерна). В то же время для формирования подвижного макроскопического деформационного фронта необходимо, чтобы без упрочнения пластическая деформация передавалась соседним зернам, то есть нужна зернограничная аккомодация. Полученные результаты дают основание полагать, что такой зоной аккомодации, по-видимому, является фронт полосы Чернова–Людерса, а потому он имеет сложное строение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The features of macroscopic strain inhomogeneity in the form of Chernov–Lüders bands development on elastic-plastic transition were investigated in the mild steel. The main regularities of nucleation and propagation of the bands are established. Particular attention was paid to the kinetics of moving boundaries (fronts) of bands, characteristic velocities were determined. It is shown that the rate of formation of nucleus of the Chernov–Lüders band is more than an order of magnitude higher than the rate of its expansion. Situations are considered when more than one band develops simultaneously in the object and therefore several moving fronts are observed. It is established that in all cases the velocities of fronts of the Chernov–Lüders bands are mutually consistent so that at any instant the generalized rate of expansion of the deformed zone is a constant value. The effect of the deformation rate on the kinetics of the Chernov–Lüders fronts was analyzed. Both the generalized rate of expansion of the deformed zone and the speed of individual fronts increase with the increase of the loading rate. A  nonlinear (power-law) character of this dependence is established. The fronts of the bands have a complex structure. Different parts of the front can move with unequal velocities, so that the front line is locally curved and split. Ahead of the front, in the undeformed part of the sample, the forerunners may appear, the configuration of which resembles the Chernov–Lüders bands nuclei. When encountering the fronts of adjacent bands are annihilated. Annihilation of the fronts is a complex process, which is also characterized by the formation of a precursor and secondary diffusion Chernov–Lüders bands. These facts demonstrate that a simplified view of the Chernov-Lüders band as a deformed region in a loaded sample, and the front of the band as a boundary between deformed and undeformed zones, should be revised. The microscopic theory of Lüders deformation is based on the avalanche growth of the density of mobile dislocations due to breaking from an obstacles and subsequent multiplication, which is realized simultaneously at the upper yield point within the crystallite (grain). At the same time, to form a mobile macroscopic deformation front it is necessary that plastic deformation should be transferred to neighboring grains without hardening, that is, grain-boundary accommodation is needed. The results obtained in the paper suggest that such a zone of accommodation is apparently the Chernov–Lüders band front, and, therefore, it has a complex structure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малоуглеродистая сталь</kwd><kwd>упругопластический переход</kwd><kwd>неустойчивость пластического течения</kwd><kwd>полосы Чернова–Людерса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mild steel</kwd><kwd>elastic-plastic transition</kwd><kwd>instability of plastic flow</kwd><kwd>Chernov–Lüders bands</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pelleg J. Mechanical properties of materials. – Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer, 2013. – 633 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pelleg J. Mechanical properties of materials. 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