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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2017-6-481-485</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASICS OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НЕКОТОРЫЕ ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ВОЛЬФРАМА ИЗ ОКСИДА WO3 КРЕМНИЕМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SOME THERMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF WO3  RECOVERY BY SILICON</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бендре</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bendre</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат химических наук, доцент кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. проф. В.М. Финкеля </p><p>(654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Ch.), Assist. Professor of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bendre@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюшкин</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryushkin</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор химических наук, профессор кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. проф. В.М. Финкеля </p><p>(654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Ch.), Professor of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koax@sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры материаловедения, литейного и сварочного производства </p><p>(654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Lecturer of the Chair “Materials, Foundry and Welding Production”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rek_nzrmk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козырев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozyrev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой материаловедения, литейного и сварочного производства </p><p>(654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Chair “Materials, Foundry and Welding Production”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozyrev_na@mtsp.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шурупов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shurupov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант кафедры материаловедения, литейного и сварочного производства </p><p>(654007, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate of the Chair “Materials, Foundry and Welding Production”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grand1966@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>481</fpage><lpage>485</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бендре Ю.В., Горюшкин В.Ф., Крюков Р.Е., Козырев Н.А., Шурупов В.М., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бендре Ю.В., Горюшкин В.Ф., Крюков Р.Е., Козырев Н.А., Шурупов В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bendre Y.V., Goryushkin V.F., Kryukov R.E., Kozyrev N.A., Shurupov V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1102">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1102</self-uri><abstract><p>Практический интерес с целью ресурсосбережения представляет технология дуговой наплавки порошковой проволокой, в которой в качестве наполнителей используются оксид вольфрама WO3 и вещество (ферросилиций), содержащее восстановитель – кремний. В работе проведена термодинамическая оценка вероятности протекания в стандартных условиях девяти реакций по табличным термодинамическим данным реагентов в интервале температур 1500 – 3500 К. В числе реакций – реакции прямого восстановления оксида WO3 кремнием и реакции соединения вольфрама с кремнием с образованием силицидов вольфрама. В качестве возможных продуктов реакций рассматривались W, WSi2 , W5Si3 . Реакции восстановления оксида записывали на 1 моль O2 , а реакции соединения вольфрама с кремнием – на 1 моль W. Вероятность протекания реакций оценивали по стандартной энергии Гиббса реакций. В качестве стандартных для веществ-реагентов в интервале 1500 – 3500 К были выбраны состояния: W(тв) , WO3(тв, ж) с фазовым переходом при 1745 К, WSi2(тв, ж) с фазовым переходом при 2433 К, W5Si3(тв, ж) с фазовым переходом при 2623 К, Si(тв, ж) с фазовым переходом при 1690 К, SiO(г) , SiO2(тв, ж) с фазовым переходом при 1996 К. С целью оценки степени влияния на термодинамические свойства реакций возможного испарения в дуге оксида вольфрама WO3  рассчитывали термодинамические характеристики одной из реакций, в которой в качестве стандартного состояния в том же интервале температуры выбрано состояние WO3(г) . Термодинамический анализ показывает, что при восстановлении оксида WO3 наиболее вероятно образование силицидов WSi2 и W5Si3 , затем вольфрама. Термодинамическая вероятность образования этих же силицидов за счет реакций соединения вольфрама и кремния в стандартных состояниях оказывается существенно меньше. Восстановительная способность кремния в реакциях с образованием SiO2 с повышением температуры уменьшается, а в реакциях с образованием SiO, наоборот, увеличивается. Вследствие этого в рассматриваемой системе при высоких температурах расплава (более 2500 К) вероятно изменение состава газовой фазы за счет образования SiO. При температурах менее 1750 К шлаковая фаза может стать более кислой за счет образующегося оксида кремния SiO2 . Испарение WO3 в дуге увеличивает термодинамическую вероятность протекания реакций восстановления, но в большей степени при низкой температуре.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Practical interest, with the goal of resource conservation, is the technology of arc welding with powder wire in which the fillers are used, the tungsten oxide is WO3 , and the material (ferrosilicon) with a reducing agent is silicon. In the work, a thermodynamic estimate of the probability of nine standard reactions under tabular thermodynamic data of reagents was carried out in the temperature range from 1500 to 3500 K. Among the reactions, the reaction of direct reduction of WO3 oxide by silicon and the reaction of a tungsten-silicon compound with the formation of tungsten silicides are considered. As possible products of the reactions were considered W, WSi2 , W5Si3 . The reduction reaction of the oxide was recorded on 1 mole of O2 , and the reaction of the compounds of tungsten with silicon – on 1 mole of W. The probability of reactions was estimated by their standard Gibbs energy. As standard for reagent substances in the range 1500 – 3500 K, the following states were selected: W(solid) , WO3 (solid, liquid)  with a phase transition at 1745 K, WSi2(s., l.)  with a phase transition at 2433 K, W5Si3(s., l.) with a phase transition at 2623 K, Si(s., l.) with a phase transition at 1690 K, SiO(l.) , SiO2(s., l.) with a phase transition at 1996 K. In order to assess the degree of effect on the thermodynamic properties of the possible evaporation reactions in the tungsten oxide WO3 arc, the thermodynamic characteristics of one of the reactions were calculated in which the WO3(l.)  state was selected as the standard state in the same temperature range. Thermodynamic analysis shows that at the reduction of WO3 the formation of silicides WSi2 and W5Si3 is most likely, then tungsten. The thermodynamic probability of formation of these silicides due to the reactions of the tungsten-silicon compound in standard states turns out to be substantially lower. The reducing ability of silicon in reactions with the formation of SiO2 decreases with increasing temperature, while in the reactions with formation of SiO, on the contrary, it increases. Consequently, in the system under consideration at high melt temperatures (more than 2500 K), a change in the composition of the gas phase due to the formation of SiO is more likely. At temperatures below 1750 K, the slag phase can become more acidic due to the resulting silicon oxide SiO2 . The evaporation of WO3 in the arc increases the thermodynamic probability of the reduction reactions occurrence, but more at a low temperature. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>термодинамический анализ</kwd><kwd>энергия Гиббса реакции</kwd><kwd>порошковая проволока</kwd><kwd>оксид вольфрама</kwd><kwd>ферросилиций</kwd><kwd>дуговая наплавка</kwd><kwd>вольфрам</kwd><kwd>восстановление</kwd><kwd>силициды вольфрама</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>: thermodynamic calculations</kwd><kwd>tungsten reduction</kwd><kwd>silicon</kwd><kwd>tungsten silicides</kwd><kwd>flux cored wire</kwd><kwd>surface welding</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klimpel A., Lisiecki A., Janicki D. / The study of properties of Ni- WC wires surfaced deposits // Proceedings of 13th international scientific conference on achievements on mechanical and material engineering. 16-19 may 2005. 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