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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2017-4-304-309</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАНОТВЕРДОСТЬ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ИЗНОСОСТОЙКОЙ НАПЛАВКИ, ОБЛУЧЕННОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫМ ПУЧКОМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SURFACE NANOHARDNESS OF WEAR RESISTANT SURFACING IRRADIATED BY ELECTRON BEAM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кормышев</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kormyshev</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89239230000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Chief Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yufi55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Head of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой технологии металлов и авиационного материаловедения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Professor, Head of the Chair of Metals Technology and Aviation Materials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksv@ssau.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тересов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teresov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий электроник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Electronic Engineer of the Laboratory of Lowtemperature Plasma</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tad514@sibmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Tomsk&#13;
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский национальный исследовательский университет им. академика С.П. Королева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara University, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>304</fpage><lpage>309</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кормышев В.Е., Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Тересов А.Д., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кормышев В.Е., Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Тересов А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kormyshev V.E., Ivanov Y.F., Gromov V.E., Konovalov S.V., Teresov A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1076">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1076</self-uri><abstract><p>Для обоснованного выбора материала покрытий, соответствующих условиям эксплуатации изделий и режимов последующей электронно-пучковой обработки, исследованы нанотвердость, модуль Юнга и дефектная субструктура слоя, наплавленного на мартенситную низкоуглеродистую сталь Hardox 450 высокоуглеродистыми порошковыми проволоками диам. 1,6 мм различного химического состава (содержащими такие элементы, как ванадий, хром, ниобий, вольфрам, марганец, кремний, никель, бор), и дополнительно двухкратно-облученного импульсным электронным пучком. Формирование наплавленного слоя на поверхность стали осуществляли в среде защитного газа, содержащем 98 % Ar, 2 % CO2 , при сварочном токе 250 – 300 А и напряжении на дуге 30 – 35 В. Модифицирование наплавленного слоя осуществляли путем облучения поверхности наплавленного слоя высокоинтенсивным электронным пучком в режиме плавления и высокоскоростной кристаллизации. Нагрузка на индентор составляла 50 мН. Определение нанотвердости и модуля Юнга проводили в 30 произвольно выбранных точках модифицированной поверхности наплавки. Дефектную структуру поверхности модифицированной электронным пучком наплавки изучали методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Выявлено кратное увеличение нанотвердости и модуля Юнга наплавленного слоя при электронно-пучковой обработке относительно материала основы. Выявлено, что максимальный упрочняющий эффект наблюдается при наплавке порошковой проволокой, содержащей 4,5 % бора. Показано, что на поверхности наплавки, сформированной проволокой, в элементный состав которой входит 4,5 % бора, и дополнительно облученной интенсивным импульсным электронным пучком, формируются системы микротрещин. Исследования наплавок, сформированных порошковыми проволоками, не содержащими бор, после импульсной обработки электронным пучком показали отсутствие микротрещин на модифицированной поверхности. Повышение прочностных свойств модифицированного электронным пучком наплавленного слоя обусловлено формированием структуры, размеры кристаллитов которой изменяются от десятых долей микрометра до единиц микрометра, и содержащей включения вторых фаз (бориды, карбиды, карбобориды). Установлен значительный разброс значений нанотвердости и модуля Юнга, что обусловлено, очевидно, неоднородным распределением упрочняющих фаз.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The nanohardness, Young elastic modulus and defect substructure of the layer surfaced on the low carbon martensite Hardox 450 steel by the high carbon power wires with diameter of 1.6 mm of different chemical composition (containing such elements as V, Cr, Nb, W, Mn, Si, Ni, B) and two times additionally irradiated by the pulse electron beam were studied for the purpose of substantiated selection of coating material corresponding to the product operation conditions and the modes of subsequent electron beam treatment. The formation of the fused layer on the steel surface was carried out in the shielding gas medium containing 98 % Ar, 2 % CO2 , with a welding current of 250 – 300 A and a voltage on the arc of 30 – 35 V. Modification of the deposited layer was carried out by irradiating the surface of the deposited layer by a high-intensity electron beam in the mode of melting and high-speed crystallization. The load on the inductor was 50 mN. Determination of the nanohardness and Young elastic modulus was carried out at 30 arbitrarily chosen points of the modified surface. The defect structure of the surface modified by of an electron beam of the surfacing was studied by scanning electron microscopy. A multiple increase in nanohardness and Young elastic modulus of the welded layer was revealed during electron-beam treatment according to the base material. It was found that the maximum hardening effect is observed at surfacing by a flux-cored wire containing 4.5 % of boron. It is shown that on the weld deposit surface formed by the wire with 4.5% of boron and additionally irradiated with an intense pulsed electron beam, the formation of a microcrack system on the surface of irradiation was revealed. Investigations of weld deposits, formed by non-boron-containing powder wires, have shown the absence of microcracks on the modified surface after pulsed electron beam treatment. The increase in the strength properties of the deposited layer modified by the electron beam is due to the formation of structures which crystallite sizes vary from tenths of a micrometer to one micrometer and contain second phases (borides, carbides, carbborides). A significant spread of the values of the nanohardness and the Young elastic modulus was established, which was apparently due to the inhomogeneous distribution of the strengthening phases.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наплавка</kwd><kwd>порошковая проволока</kwd><kwd>нанотвердость</kwd><kwd>электронно-пучковая обработка</kwd><kwd>модуль Юнга</kwd><kwd>низкоуглеродистая сталь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>surfacing</kwd><kwd>flux cored wire</kwd><kwd>nanohardness</kwd><kwd>electron beam treatment</kwd><kwd>Young elastic modulus</kwd><kwd>low carbon steel</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черноиванов В.И., Голубев И.Г. Восстановление деталей машин (Состояние и перспективы). – М.: ФГНУ «Росинформагротех», 2010. – 376 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernoivanov V.I., Golubev I.G. 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